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2016 ; 9
(ä): 152
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Horizontal transfer of ?-carbonic anhydrase genes from prokaryotes to protozoans,
insects, and nematodes
#MMPMID26983858
Zolfaghari Emameh R
; Barker HR
; Tolvanen ME
; Parkkila S
; Hytönen VP
Parasit Vectors
2016[Mar]; 9
(ä): 152
PMID26983858
show ga
BACKGROUND: Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is a movement of genetic information
occurring outside of normal mating activities. It is especially common between
prokaryotic endosymbionts and their protozoan, insect, and nematode hosts.
Although beta carbonic anhydrase (?-CA) plays a crucial role in metabolic
functions of many living organisms, the origin of ?-CA genes in eukaryotic
species remains unclear. METHODS: This study was conducted using phylogenetics,
prediction of subcellular localization, and identification of ?-CA, transposase,
integrase, and resolvase genes on the MGEs of bacteria. We also structurally
analyzed ?-CAs from protozoans, insects, and nematodes and their putative
prokaryotic common ancestors, by homology modelling. RESULTS: Our investigations
of a number of target genomes revealed that genes coding for transposase,
integrase, resolvase, and conjugation complex proteins have been integrated with
?-CA gene sequences on mobile genetic elements (MGEs) which have facilitated the
mobility of ?-CA genes from bacteria to protozoan, insect, and nematode species.
The prokaryotic origin of protozoan, insect, and nematode ?-CA enzymes is
supported by phylogenetic analyses, prediction of subcellular localization, and
homology modelling. CONCLUSION: MGEs form a complete set of enzymatic tools,
which are relevant to HGT of ?-CA gene sequences from prokaryotes to protozoans,
insects, and nematodes.