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Seeing Through the Surface: Non-invasive Characterization of Biomaterial-Tissue
Interactions Using Photoacoustic Microscopy
#MMPMID26471785
Zhang YS
; Wang LV
; Xia Y
Ann Biomed Eng
2016[Mar]; 44
(3
): 649-66
PMID26471785
show ga
At the intersection of life sciences, materials science, engineering, and
medicine, regenerative medicine stands out as a rapidly progressing field that
aims at retaining, restoring, or augmenting tissue/organ functions to promote the
human welfare. While the field has witnessed tremendous advancements over the
past few decades, it still faces many challenges. For example, it has been
difficult to visualize, monitor, and assess the functions of the engineered
tissue/organ constructs, particularly when three-dimensional scaffolds are
involved. Conventional approaches based on histology are invasive and therefore
only convey end-point assays. The development of volumetric imaging techniques
such as confocal and ultrasonic imaging has enabled direct observation of intact
constructs without the need of sectioning. However, the capability of these
techniques is often limited in terms of penetration depth and contrast. In
comparison, the recently developed photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) has allowed us
to address these issues by integrating optical and ultrasonic imaging to greatly
reduce the effect of tissue scattering of photons with one-way ultrasound
detection while retaining the high optical absorption contrast. PAM has been
successfully applied to a number of studies, such as observation of cell
distribution, monitoring of vascularization, and interrogation of biomaterial
degradation. In this review article, we highlight recent progress in non-invasive
and volumetric characterization of biomaterial-tissue interactions using PAM. We
also discuss challenges ahead and envision future directions.
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