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Tracking the flow of hippocampal computation: Pattern separation, pattern
completion, and attractor dynamics
#MMPMID26514299
Knierim JJ
; Neunuebel JP
Neurobiol Learn Mem
2016[Mar]; 129
(?): 38-49
PMID26514299
show ga
Classic computational theories of the mnemonic functions of the hippocampus
ascribe the processes of pattern separation to the dentate gyrus (DG) and pattern
completion to the CA3 region. Until the last decade, the large majority of
single-unit studies of the hippocampus in behaving animals were from the CA1
region. The lack of data from the DG, CA3, and the entorhinal inputs to the
hippocampus severely hampered the ability to test these theories with
neurophysiological techniques. The past ten years have seen a major increase in
the recordings from the CA3 region and the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), with
an increasing (but still limited) number of experiments from the lateral
entorhinal cortex (LEC) and DG. This paper reviews a series of studies in a
local-global cue mismatch (double-rotation) experiment in which recordings were
made from cells in the anterior thalamus, MEC, LEC, DG, CA3, and CA1 regions.
Compared to the standard cue environment, the change in the DG representation of
the cue-mismatch environment was greater than the changes in its entorhinal
inputs, providing support for the theory of pattern separation in the DG. In
contrast, the change in the CA3 representation of the cue-mismatch environment
was less than the changes in its entorhinal and DG inputs, providing support for
a pattern completion/error correction function of CA3. The results are
interpreted in terms of continuous attractor network models of the hippocampus
and the relationship of these models to pattern separation and pattern completion
theories. Whereas DG may perform an automatic pattern separation function, the
attractor dynamics of CA3 allow it to perform a pattern separation or pattern
completion function, depending on the nature of its inputs and the relative
strength of the internal attractor dynamics.
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