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10.1002/path.4638

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suck abstract from ncbi


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pmid26383585
      J+Pathol 2016 ; 238 (1 ): 85-97
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  • 1918 pandemic influenza virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae co-infection results in activation of coagulation and widespread pulmonary thrombosis in mice and humans #MMPMID26383585
  • Walters KA ; D'Agnillo F ; Sheng ZM ; Kindrachuk J ; Schwartzman LM ; Kuestner RE ; Chertow DS ; Golding BT ; Taubenberger JK ; Kash JC
  • J Pathol 2016[Jan]; 238 (1 ): 85-97 PMID26383585 show ga
  • To study bacterial co-infection following 1918 H1N1 influenza virus infection, mice were inoculated with the 1918 influenza virus, followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) 72?h later. Co-infected mice exhibited markedly more severe disease, shortened survival time and more severe lung pathology, including widespread thrombi. Transcriptional profiling revealed activation of coagulation only in co-infected mice, consistent with the extensive thrombogenesis observed. Immunohistochemistry showed extensive expression of tissue factor (F3) and prominent deposition of neutrophil elastase on endothelial and epithelial cells in co-infected mice. Lung sections of SP-positive 1918 autopsy cases showed extensive thrombi and prominent staining for F3 in alveolar macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, endothelial and epithelial cells, in contrast to co-infection-positive 2009 pandemic H1N1 autopsy cases. This study reveals that a distinctive feature of 1918 influenza virus and SP co-infection in mice and humans is extensive expression of tissue factor and activation of the extrinsic coagulation pathway leading to widespread pulmonary thrombosis.
  • |Animals [MESH]
  • |Blood Coagulation [MESH]
  • |Coinfection/*complications [MESH]
  • |Disease Models, Animal [MESH]
  • |Female [MESH]
  • |Humans [MESH]
  • |Immunohistochemistry [MESH]
  • |Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype [MESH]
  • |Influenza Pandemic, 1918-1919 [MESH]
  • |Influenza, Human/complications/*microbiology/pathology [MESH]
  • |Mice [MESH]
  • |Mice, Inbred BALB C [MESH]
  • |Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis [MESH]
  • |Orthomyxoviridae Infections/complications/*microbiology/pathology [MESH]
  • |Pneumococcal Infections/complications/*microbiology/pathology [MESH]
  • |Pulmonary Embolism/*microbiology/pathology [MESH]
  • |Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction [MESH]


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