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2016 ; 58
(2
): 99-104
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Neutrophil myeloperoxidase and its substrates: formation of specific markers and
reactive compounds during inflammation
#MMPMID27013775
Kato Y
J Clin Biochem Nutr
2016[Mar]; 58
(2
): 99-104
PMID27013775
show ga
Myeloperoxidase is an inflammatory enzyme that generates reactive hypochlorous
acid in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and chloride ion. However, this enzyme
also uses bromide ion or thiocyanate as a substrate to form hypobromous or
hypothiocyanous acid, respectively. These species play important roles in host
defense against the invasion of microorganisms. In contrast, these enzyme
products modify biomolecules in hosts during excess inflammation, indicating that
the action of myeloperoxidase is both beneficial and harmful. Myeloperoxidase
uses other endogenous compounds, such as serotonin, urate, and l-tyrosine, as
substrates. This broad-range specificity may have some biological implications.
Target molecules of this enzyme and its products vary, including low-molecular
weight thiols, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. The modified products
represent biomarkers of myeloperoxidase action. Moderate inhibition of this
enzyme might be critical for the prevention/modulation of excess, uncontrolled
inflammatory events. Some phytochemicals inhibit myeloperoxidase, which might
explain the reductive effect caused by the intake of vegetables and fruits on
cardiovascular diseases.