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2016 ; 7
(ä): 10823
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Melanoma cell lysosome secretory burst neutralizes the CTL-mediated cytotoxicity
at the lytic synapse
#MMPMID26940455
Khazen R
; Müller S
; Gaudenzio N
; Espinosa E
; Puissegur MP
; Valitutti S
Nat Commun
2016[Mar]; 7
(ä): 10823
PMID26940455
show ga
Human melanoma cells express various tumour antigens that are recognized by
CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and elicit tumour-specific responses in
vivo. However, natural and therapeutically enhanced CTL responses in melanoma
patients are of limited efficacy. The mechanisms underlying CTL effector phase
failure when facing melanomas are still largely elusive. Here we show that, on
conjugation with CTL, human melanoma cells undergo an active late
endosome/lysosome trafficking, which is intensified at the lytic synapse and is
paralleled by cathepsin-mediated perforin degradation and deficient granzyme B
penetration. Abortion of SNAP-23-dependent lysosomal trafficking, pH perturbation
or impairment of lysosomal proteolytic activity restores susceptibility to CTL
attack. Inside the arsenal of melanoma cell strategies to escape immune
surveillance, we identify a self-defence mechanism based on exacerbated lysosome
secretion and perforin degradation at the lytic synapse. Interfering with this
synaptic self-defence mechanism might be useful in potentiating CTL-mediated
therapies in melanoma patients.