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2016 ; 17
(2
): 171
Nephropedia Template TP
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English Wikipedia
Focus on Extracellular Vesicles: Physiological Role and Signalling Properties of
Extracellular Membrane Vesicles
#MMPMID26861302
Iraci N
; Leonardi T
; Gessler F
; Vega B
; Pluchino S
Int J Mol Sci
2016[Feb]; 17
(2
): 171
PMID26861302
show ga
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous population of secreted membrane
vesicles, with distinct biogenesis routes, biophysical properties and different
functions both in physiological conditions and in disease. The release of EVs is
a widespread biological process, which is conserved across species. In recent
years, numerous studies have demonstrated that several bioactive molecules are
trafficked with(in) EVs, such as microRNAs, mRNAs, proteins and lipids. The
understanding of their final impact on the biology of specific target cells
remains matter of intense debate in the field. Also, EVs have attracted great
interest as potential novel cell-free therapeutics. Here we describe the proposed
physiological and pathological functions of EVs, with a particular focus on their
molecular content. Also, we discuss the advances in the knowledge of the
mechanisms regulating the secretion of EV-associated molecules and the specific
pathways activated upon interaction with the target cell, highlighting the role
of EVs in the context of the immune system and as mediators of the intercellular
signalling in the brain.