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2016 ; 67
(6
): 1783-93
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Volatile emission in dry seeds as a way to probe chemical reactions during
initial asymptomatic deterioration
#MMPMID26956506
Mira S
; Hill LM
; González-Benito ME
; Ibáñez MA
; Walters C
J Exp Bot
2016[Mar]; 67
(6
): 1783-93
PMID26956506
show ga
The nature and kinetics of reactions in dry seeds determines how long the seeds
survive. We used gas chromatography to assay volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
emitted from seeds of three unrelated species as a means to non-invasively probe
chemical changes during very dry, dry, and humid storage (seeds were dried to
5.5, 33, and 75% relative humidity at room temperature). VOCs emitted from seeds
stored in humid conditions reflected fermentation-type reactions, with methanol
and ethanol being predominant in Lactuca sativa and Carum carvi, and acetaldehyde
and acetone being predominant in Eruca vesicaria. Dried C. carvi seeds continued
to emit fermentation-type products, although at slower rates than the seeds
stored in humid conditions. In contrast, drying caused a switch in VOC emission
in L. sativa and E. vesicaria seeds towards higher emission of pentane and
hexanal, molecules considered to be byproducts from the peroxidation of
polyunsaturated fatty acids. Longevity correlated best with the rate of
fermentation-type reactions and appeared unrelated to the rate of lipid
peroxidation. Emission of VOCs decreased when seed species were mixed together,
indicating that seeds adsorbed VOCs. Adsorption of VOCs did not appear to damage
seeds, as longevity was not affected in seed mixtures. Collectively, the study
shows similarity among species in the types of reactions that occur in dry seeds,
but high diversity in the substrates, and hence the byproducts, of the reactions.
Moreover, the study suggests that the most abundant VOCs arise from degradation
of storage reserves within seed cells, and that these reactions and their
byproducts are not, in themselves, damaging.