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2009 ; 136
(2
): 630-9
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Changes in the structure and function of ICC networks in ICC hyperplasia and
gastrointestinal stromal tumors
#MMPMID19032955
Kwon JG
; Hwang SJ
; Hennig GW
; Bayguinov Y
; McCann C
; Chen H
; Rossi F
; Besmer P
; Sanders KM
; Ward SM
Gastroenterology
2009[Feb]; 136
(2
): 630-9
PMID19032955
show ga
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) express the receptor
tyrosine kinase c-kit. Approximately 90% of GISTs have gain-of-function mutations
in the Kit gene, which leads to its constitutive activation and drives malignant
behavior of GISTs. Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) express c-kit; however, it
is unknown whether uncontrolled hyperplasia of ICC is responsible for GISTs.
Here, we sought to determine whether gain-of-function mutations in Kit lead to
hyperplasia of all classes of ICC, whether ICC hyperplasia begins before birth,
and whether functional defects occur in ICC hyperplasia or the development of
GISTs. METHODS: Heterozygous mutant Kit(V558Delta)/+ mice that develop symptoms
of human familial GISTs and prematurely die from pathology of the
gastrointestinal tract were utilized and compared with wild-type controls.
C-kit-immunohistochemistry and intracellular electrical recording of spontaneous
and nerve-evoked activity were applied to examine the density and functionality
of ICC in these mutants. RESULTS: There was considerable hyperplasia in all
classes of ICC throughout the GI tract of Kit(V558Delta)/+ mice, except for ICC
in the deep muscular plexus of the intestine. Spontaneous electrical activity and
postjunctional neural responses in hyperplastic ICC tissues appeared normal but
were up-regulated in the cecum, where GISTs were commonly found. CONCLUSIONS: Kit
gain-of-function leads to hyperplasia of most classes of ICC throughout the GI
tract. ICC retain normal pacemaker function and enteric neural responses well
after development of hyperplasia.