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2016 ; 2016
(ä): 3130496
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Characterization and Functions of Protease-Activated Receptor 2 in Obesity,
Diabetes, and Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review
#MMPMID27006943
Kagota S
; Maruyama K
; McGuire JJ
Biomed Res Int
2016[]; 2016
(ä): 3130496
PMID27006943
show ga
Proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) is a cell surface receptor activated by
serine proteinases or specific synthetic compounds. Interest in PAR2 as a
pharmaceutical target for various diseases is increasing. Here we asked two
questions relevant to endothelial dysfunction and diabetes: How is PAR2 function
affected in blood vessels? What role does PAR2 have in promoting obesity,
diabetes, and/or metabolic syndrome, specifically via the endothelium and adipose
tissues? We conducted a systematic review of the published literature in PubMed
and Scopus (July 2015; search terms: par2, par-2, f2lr1, adipose, obesity,
diabetes, and metabolic syndrome). Seven studies focused on PAR2 and vascular
function. The obesity, diabetes, or metabolic syndrome animal models differed
amongst studies, but each reported that PAR2-mediated vasodilator actions were
preserved in the face of endothelial dysfunction. The remaining studies focused
on nonvascular functions and provided evidence supporting the concept that PAR2
activation promoted obesity. Key studies showed that PAR2 activation regulated
cellular metabolism, and PAR2 antagonists inhibited adipose gain and metabolic
dysfunction in rats. We conclude that PAR2 antagonists for treatment of obesity
indeed show early promise as a therapeutic strategy; however,
endothelial-specific PAR2 functions, which may offset mechanisms that produce
vascular dysfunction in diabetes, warrant additional study.