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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Cancer+Metastasis+Rev
2015 ; 34
(4
): 703-13
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How to be good at being bad: centrosome amplification and mitotic propensity
drive intratumoral heterogeneity
#MMPMID26358854
Rida PC
; Cantuaria G
; Reid MD
; Kucuk O
; Aneja R
Cancer Metastasis Rev
2015[Dec]; 34
(4
): 703-13
PMID26358854
show ga
Cancer is truly an iconic disease--a tour de force whose multiple formidable
strengths can be attributed to the bewildering heterogeneity that a tumor can
manifest both spatially and temporally. A Darwinian evolutionary process is
believed to undergird, at least in part, the generation of this heterogeneity
that contributes to poor clinical outcomes. Risk assessment in clinical oncology
is currently based on a small number of clinicopathologic factors (like stage,
histological grade, receptor status, and serum tumor markers) and offers limited
accuracy in predicting disease course as evidenced by the prognostic
heterogeneity that persists in risk segments produced by present-day models. We
posit that this insufficiency stems from the exclusion of key risk contributors
from such models, especially the omission of certain factors implicated in
generating intratumoral heterogeneity. The extent of centrosome amplification and
the mitotic propensity inherent in a tumor are two such vital factors whose
contributions to poor prognosis are presently overlooked in risk prognostication.
Supernumerary centrosomes occur widely in tumors and are potent drivers of
chromosomal instability that fosters intratumoral heterogeneity. The mitotic
propensity of a proliferating population of tumor cells reflects the cell cycling
kinetics of that population. Since frequent passage through improperly regulated
mitotic divisions accelerates production of diverse genotypes, the mitotic
propensity inherent in a tumor serves as a powerful beacon of risk. In this
review, we highlight how centrosome amplification and error-prone mitoses
contribute to poor clinical outcomes and urge the need to develop these
cancer-specific traits as much-needed clinically-facile prognostic biomarkers
with immense potential value for individualized cancer treatment in the clinic.