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2016 ; 62
(2
): 169-75
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Preliminary Diffusive Clearance of Silicon Nanopore Membranes in a Parallel Plate
Configuration for Renal Replacement Therapy
#MMPMID26692401
Kim S
; Heller J
; Iqbal Z
; Kant R
; Kim EJ
; Durack J
; Saeed M
; Do L
; Hetts S
; Wilson M
; Brakeman P
; Fissell WH
; Roy S
ASAIO J
2016[Mar]; 62
(2
): 169-75
PMID26692401
show ga
Silicon nanopore membranes (SNMs) with compact geometry and uniform pore size
distribution have demonstrated a remarkable capacity for hemofiltration. These
advantages could potentially be used for hemodialysis. Here, we present an
initial evaluation of the SNM's mechanical robustness, diffusive clearance, and
hemocompatibility in a parallel plate configuration. Mechanical robustness of the
SNM was demonstrated by exposing membranes to high flows (200 ml/min) and
pressures (1,448 mm Hg). Diffusive clearance was performed in an albumin solution
and whole blood with blood and dialysate flow rates of 25 ml/min.
Hemocompatibility was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and
immunohistochemistry after 4 hours in an extracorporeal porcine model. The
pressure drop across the flow cell was 4.6 mm Hg at 200 ml/min. Mechanical
testing showed that SNM could withstand up to 775.7 mm Hg without fracture. Urea
clearance did not show an appreciable decline in blood versus albumin solution.
Extracorporeal studies showed blood was successfully driven via the
arterial-venous pressure differential without thrombus formation. Bare silicon
showed increased cell adhesion with a 4.1-fold increase and 1.8-fold increase
over polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated surfaces for tissue plasminogen factor
(t-PA) and platelet adhesion (CD41), respectively. These initial results warrant
further design and development of a fully scaled SNM-based parallel plate
dialyzer for renal replacement therapy.