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2016 ; 11
(3
): e0150635
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Foxn1 Transcription Factor Regulates Wound Healing of Skin through Promoting
Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
#MMPMID26938103
Gawronska-Kozak B
; Grabowska A
; Kur-Piotrowska A
; Kopcewicz M
PLoS One
2016[]; 11
(3
): e0150635
PMID26938103
show ga
Transcription factors are key molecules that finely tune gene expression in
response to injury. We focused on the role of a transcription factor, Foxn1,
whose expression is limited to the skin and thymus epithelium. Our previous
studies showed that Foxn1 inactivity in nude mice creates a pro-regenerative
environment during skin wound healing. To explore the mechanistic role of Foxn1
in the skin wound healing process, we analyzed post-injured skin tissues from
Foxn1::Egfp transgenic and C57BL/6 mice with Western Blotting, qRT-PCR,
immunofluorescence and flow cytometric assays. Foxn1 expression in non-injured
skin localized to the epidermis and hair follicles. Post-injured skin tissues
showed an intense Foxn1-eGFP signal at the wound margin and in leading epithelial
tongue, where it co-localized with keratin 16, a marker of activated
keratinocytes. This data support the concept that suprabasal keratinocytes,
expressing Foxn1, are key cells in the process of re-epithelialization. The
occurrence of an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was confirmed by high
levels of Snail1 and Mmp-9 expression as well as through co-localization of
vimentin/E-cadherin-positive cells in dermis tissue at four days post-wounding.
Involvement of Foxn1 in the EMT process was verified by co-localization of
Foxn1-eGFP cells with Snail1 in histological sections. Flow cytometric analysis
showed the increase of double positive E-cadherin/N-cadherin cells within
Foxn1-eGFP population of post-wounded skin cells isolates, which corroborated
histological and gene expression analyses. Together, our findings indicate that
Foxn1 acts as regulator of the skin wound healing process through engagement in
re-epithelization and possible involvement in scar formation due to Foxn1
activity during the EMT process.