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2014 ; 85
(6
): e212-23
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Xylitol, an anticaries agent, exhibits potent inhibition of inflammatory
responses in human THP-1-derived macrophages infected with Porphyromonas
gingivalis
#MMPMID24592909
Park E
; Na HS
; Kim SM
; Wallet S
; Cha S
; Chung J
J Periodontol
2014[Jun]; 85
(6
): e212-23
PMID24592909
show ga
BACKGROUND: Xylitol is a well-known anticaries agent and has been used for the
prevention and treatment of dental caries. In this study, the anti-inflammatory
effects of xylitol are evaluated for possible use in the prevention and treatment
of periodontal infections. METHODS: Cytokine expression was stimulated in THP-1
(human monocyte cell line)-derived macrophages by live Porphyromonas gingivalis,
and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a commercial multiplex assay kit were
used to determine the effects of xylitol on live P. gingivalis-induced production
of cytokine. The effects of xylitol on phagocytosis and the production of nitric
oxide were determined using phagocytosis assay, viable cell count, and Griess
reagent. The effects of xylitol on P. gingivalis adhesion were determined by
immunostaining, and costimulatory molecule expression was examined by flow
cytometry. RESULTS: Live P. gingivalis infection increased the production of
representative proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-? and
interleukin (IL)-1?, in a multiplicity of infection- and time-dependent manner.
Live P. gingivalis also enhanced the release of cytokines and chemokines, such as
IL-12 p40, eotaxin, interferon ?-induced protein 10, monocyte chemotactic
protein-1, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1. The pretreatment of xylitol
significantly inhibited the P. gingivalis-induced cytokines production and nitric
oxide production. In addition, xylitol inhibited the attachment of live P.
gingivalis on THP-1-derived macrophages. Furthermore, xylitol exerted
antiphagocytic activity against both Escherichia coli and P. gingivalis.
CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that xylitol acts as an anti-inflammatory
agent in THP-1-derived macrophages infected with live P. gingivalis, which
supports its use in periodontitis.