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2015 ; 6
(36
): 39211-24
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gab.com Text
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REC8 is a novel tumor suppressor gene epigenetically robustly targeted by the
PI3K pathway in thyroid cancer
#MMPMID26472282
Liu D
; Shen X
; Zhu G
; Xing M
Oncotarget
2015[Nov]; 6
(36
): 39211-24
PMID26472282
show ga
The role of the PI3K pathway in human cancer has been well established, but much
of its molecular mechanism, particularly the epigenetic aspect, remains to be
defined. We hypothesized that aberrant methylation and hence altered expression
of certain unknown important genes induced by the genetically activated PI3K
pathway signaling is a major epigenetic mechanism in human tumorigenesis. Through
a genome-wide search for such genes that were epigenetically controlled by the
PI3K pathway in thyroid cancer cells, we found a wide range of genes with broad
functions epigenetically targeted by the PI3K pathway. The most prominent among
these genes was REC8, classically known as a meiotic-specific gene, which we
found to be robustly down-regulated by the PI3K pathway through hypermethylation.
REC8 hypermethylation was strongly associated with genetic alterations and
activities of the PI3K pathway in thyroid cancer cell lines, thyroid cancer
tumors, and some other human cancers; it was also associated with poor
clinicopathological outcomes of thyroid cancer, including advanced disease stages
and patient mortality. Demethylating the hypermethylated REC8 gene restored its
expression in thyroid cancer cells in which the PI3K pathway was genetically
over-activated and induced expression of REC8 protein inhibited the proliferation
and colony formation of these cells. These findings are consistent with REC8
being a novel major bona fide tumor suppressor gene and a robust epigenetic
target of the PI3K pathway. Aberrant inactivation of REC8 through
hypermethylation by the PI3K pathway may represent an important mechanism
mediating the oncogenic functions of the PI3K pathway.