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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 J+Pharmacol+Exp+Ther
2016 ; 356
(3
): 525-33
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20-HETE Activates the Transcription of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme via Nuclear
Factor-?B Translocation and Promoter Binding
#MMPMID26699146
Garcia V
; Shkolnik B
; Milhau L
; Falck JR
; Schwartzman ML
J Pharmacol Exp Ther
2016[Mar]; 356
(3
): 525-33
PMID26699146
show ga
Increased vascular 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), a cytochrome P450
arachidonic acid metabolite, promotes vascular dysfunction, injury, and
hypertension that is dependent, in part, on the renin angiotensin system (RAS).
We have shown that, in human microvascular endothelial cells, 20-HETE increases
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) mRNA, protein, and ACE activity via an
epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/tyrosine kinase/mitogen-activated protein
kinase (MAPK)/inhibitor of ?B kinase (IKK)?-mediated signaling pathway. In this
work, we show that, similar to epidermal growth factor (EGF), 20-HETE (10 nM)
activates EGFR by stimulating tyrosine phosphorylation; however, unlike 20-HETE,
EGF does not induce ACE expression, and pretreatment with a neutralizing antibody
against EGF does not prevent the 20-HETE-mediated ACE induction. Inhibition of
nuclear factor ?B (NF-?B) activation prevented the 4.58-fold (±0.78; P < 0.05)
20-HETE-mediated induction of ACE. The 20-HETE increased NF-?B-binding activity
in nuclear extracts and the activity of both the somatic and germinal ACE
promoters by 4.37-fold (±0.18; P < 0.05) and 2.53-fold (± 0.24; P < 0.05),
respectively. The 20-HETE-stimulated ACE promoter activity was abrogated by the
20-HETE antagonist 20-hydroxy-6,15-eicosadienoic acid and by inhibitors of EGFR,
MAPK, IKK?, and NF-?B activation. Sequence analysis demonstrated the presence of
two and one putative NF-?B binding sites on the human somatic and germinal ACE
promoters, respectively. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay indicated that
20-HETE stimulates the translocation and subsequent binding of NF-?B to each of
the putative binding sites (S1, 3.43 ± 0.3-fold enrichment versus vehicle; S2,
3.72 ± 0.68-fold enrichment versus vehicle; S3, 3.20 ± 0.18-fold enrichment
versus vehicle; P < 0.05). This is the first study to identify NF-?B as a
transcriptional factor for ACE and to implicate a distinct EGFR/MAPK/IKK/NF-?B
signaling cascade underlying 20-HETE-mediated transcriptional activation of ACE
mRNA and stimulation of ACE activity.