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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 J+Child+Psychol+Psychiatry
2016 ; 57
(3
): 421-39
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Annual Research Review: Discovery science strategies in studies of the
pathophysiology of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders--promises and
limitations
#MMPMID26732133
Zhao Y
; Castellanos FX
J Child Psychol Psychiatry
2016[Mar]; 57
(3
): 421-39
PMID26732133
show ga
BACKGROUND: Psychiatric science remains descriptive, with a categorical nosology
intended to enhance interobserver reliability. Increased awareness of the
mismatch between categorical classifications and the complexity of biological
systems drives the search for novel frameworks including discovery science in Big
Data. In this review, we provide an overview of incipient approaches, primarily
focused on classically categorical diagnoses such as schizophrenia (SZ), autism
spectrum disorder (ASD), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but
also reference convincing, if focal, advances in cancer biology, to describe the
challenges of Big Data and discovery science, and outline approaches being
formulated to overcome existing obstacles. FINDINGS: A paradigm shift from
categorical diagnoses to a domain/structure-based nosology and from linear causal
chains to complex causal network models of brain-behavior relationship is
ongoing. This (r)evolution involves appreciating the complexity, dimensionality,
and heterogeneity of neuropsychiatric data collected from multiple sources
('broad' data) along with data obtained at multiple levels of analysis, ranging
from genes to molecules, cells, circuits, and behaviors ('deep' data). Both of
these types of Big Data landscapes require the use and development of robust and
powerful informatics and statistical approaches. Thus, we describe Big Data
analysis pipelines and the promise and potential limitations in using Big Data
approaches to study psychiatric disorders. CONCLUSIONS: We highlight key
resources available for psychopathological studies and call for the application
and development of Big Data approaches to dissect the causes and mechanisms of
neuropsychiatric disorders and identify corresponding biomarkers for early
diagnosis.
|Adolescent
[MESH]
|Adolescent Psychiatry/methods
[MESH]
|Biomedical Research/methods
[MESH]
|Child
[MESH]
|Child Psychiatry/methods
[MESH]
|Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics
[MESH]