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2015 ; 12
(6
): 7985-91
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Treatment with harmine ameliorates functional impairment and neuronal death
following traumatic brain injury
#MMPMID26496827
Zhong Z
; Tao Y
; Yang H
Mol Med Rep
2015[Dec]; 12
(6
): 7985-91
PMID26496827
show ga
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality in young
individuals, and results in motor and cognitive deficiency. Excitotoxicity is an
important process during neuronal cell death, which is caused by excessive
release of glutamate following TBI. Astrocytic glutamate transporters have a
predominant role in maintaining extracellular glutamate concentrations below
excitotoxic levels, and glutamate transporter 1 (GLT?1) may account for >90% of
glutamate uptake in the brain. The ??carboline alkaloid harmine has been
demonstrated to exert neuroprotective actions in vivo, and the beneficial effects
were specifically due to elevation of GLT?1. However, whether harmine provides
neuroprotection following TBI remains to be elucidated. The present study
performed intraperitoneal harmine injections in rats (30 mg/kg per day for up to
5 days), in order to investigate whether harmine treatment attenuates brain edema
and improves functional recovery in a rat model of TBI. The neuronal survival
ratio and the protein expression of apoptosis?associated caspase 3 were also
assessed in the hippocampus of the rat brain. Furthermore, the expression levels
of GLT?1 and inflammatory cytokines were detected, in order to determine the
underlying mechanisms. The results of the present study demonstrated that
administration of harmine significantly attenuated cerebral edema, and improved
learning and memory ability. In addition, harmine significantly increased the
protein expression of GLT?1, and markedly attenuated the expression levels of
interleukin?1? and tumor necrosis factor??, thereby attenuating apoptotic
neuronal death in the hippocampus. These results provided in vivo evidence that
harmine may exert neuroprotective effects by synergistically reducing
excitotoxicity and inflammation following TBI.