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10.1038/ncomms10613 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1038/ncomms10613 C4742961!4742961!26837824     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Nat+Commun 2016 ; 7 (ä): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26837824|t=2016. Major bacterial lineages are essentially devoid of CRISPR-Cas viral defence systems |pdf=|usr=}}{{26837824}} gab.com Text Major bacterial lineages are essentially devoid of CRISPR-Cas viral defence systems JO: Nat Commun http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26837824 #FOAvip Current understanding of microorganism?virus interactions, which shape the evolution and functioning of Earth's ecosystems, is based primarily on cultivated organisms. Here we investigate thousands of viral and microbial genomes recovered using a cultivation-independent approach to study the frequency, variety and taxonomic distribution of viral defence mechanisms. CRISPR-Cas systems that confer microorganisms with immunity to viruses are present in only 10% of 1,724 sampled microorganisms, compared with previous reports of 40% occurrence in bacteria and 81% in archaea. We attribute this large difference to the lack of CRISPR-Cas systems across major bacterial lineages that have no cultivated representatives. We correlate absence of CRISPR-Cas with lack of nucleotide biosynthesis capacity and a symbiotic lifestyle. Restriction systems are well represented in these lineages and might provide both non-specific viral defence and access to nucleotides. Twit Text FOAVip Major bacterial lineages are essentially devoid of CRISPR-Cas viral defence systems ????Nat Commun http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26837824 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26837824 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26837824}}</ref> Major bacterial lineages are essentially devoid of CRISPR-Cas viral defence systems #MMPMID26837824 Burstein D; Sun CL; Brown CT; Sharon I; Anantharaman K; Probst AJ; Thomas BC; Banfield JF Nat Commun 2016[]; 7 (ä): ä PMID26837824show ga Current understanding of microorganism?virus interactions, which shape the evolution and functioning of Earth's ecosystems, is based primarily on cultivated organisms. Here we investigate thousands of viral and microbial genomes recovered using a cultivation-independent approach to study the frequency, variety and taxonomic distribution of viral defence mechanisms. CRISPR-Cas systems that confer microorganisms with immunity to viruses are present in only 10% of 1,724 sampled microorganisms, compared with previous reports of 40% occurrence in bacteria and 81% in archaea. We attribute this large difference to the lack of CRISPR-Cas systems across major bacterial lineages that have no cultivated representatives. We correlate absence of CRISPR-Cas with lack of nucleotide biosynthesis capacity and a symbiotic lifestyle. Restriction systems are well represented in these lineages and might provide both non-specific viral defence and access to nucleotides. äMajor bacterial lineages are essentially devoid of CRISPR-Cas viral de(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing