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2015 ; 6
(37
): 40036-52
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Specific inhibition by synthetic analogs of pyruvate reveals that the pyruvate
dehydrogenase reaction is essential for metabolism and viability of glioblastoma
cells
#MMPMID26503465
Bunik VI
; Artiukhov A
; Kazantsev A
; Goncalves R
; Daloso D
; Oppermann H
; Kulakovskaya E
; Lukashev N
; Fernie A
; Brand M
; Gaunitz F
Oncotarget
2015[Nov]; 6
(37
): 40036-52
PMID26503465
show ga
The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) and its phosphorylation are considered
essential for oncotransformation, but it is unclear whether cancer cells require
PDHC to be functional or silenced. We used specific inhibition of PDHC by
synthetic structural analogs of pyruvate to resolve this question. With isolated
and intramitochondrial PDHC, acetyl phosphinate (AcPH, KiAcPH = 0.1 ?M) was a
much more potent competitive inhibitor than the methyl ester of acetyl
phosphonate (AcPMe, KiAcPMe = 40 ?M). When preincubated with the complex, AcPH
also irreversibly inactivated PDHC. Pyruvate prevented, but did not reverse the
inactivation. The pyruvate analogs did not significantly inhibit other 2-oxo acid
dehydrogenases. Different cell lines were exposed to the inhibitors and a
membrane-permeable precursor of AcPMe, dimethyl acetyl phosphonate, which did not
inhibit isolated PDHC. Using an ATP-based assay, dependence of cellular viability
on the concentration of the pyruvate analogs was followed. The highest toxicity
of the membrane-permeable precursor suggested that the cellular action of charged
AcPH and AcPMe requires monocarboxylate transporters. The relevant cell-specific
transcripts extracted from Gene Expression Omnibus database indicated that cell
lines with higher expression of monocarboxylate transporters and PDHC components
were more sensitive to the PDHC inhibitors. Prior to a detectable
antiproliferative action, AcPH significantly changed metabolic profiles of the
investigated glioblastoma cell lines. We conclude that catalytic transformation
of pyruvate by pyruvate dehydrogenase is essential for the metabolism and
viability of glioblastoma cell lines, although metabolic heterogeneity causes
different cellular sensitivities and/or abilities to cope with PDHC inhibition.