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2015 ; 6
(33
): 34910-23
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English Wikipedia
The oncolytic peptide LTX-315 induces cell death and DAMP release by mitochondria
distortion in human melanoma cells
#MMPMID26472184
Eike LM
; Yang N
; Rekdal Ø
; Sveinbjørnsson B
Oncotarget
2015[Oct]; 6
(33
): 34910-23
PMID26472184
show ga
Host defense peptides (HDPs) are naturally occurring molecules found in most
species, in which they play a significant role in the first line defense against
intruding pathogens, and several HDPs have been shown to possess anticancer
activity. Structure-activity relationship studies on the HDP bovine lactoferricin
revealed a de novo design of a nonamer peptide LTX-315, with oncolytic
properties. In the present study, we investigated the oncolytic activity of
LTX-315 in human melanoma cells (A375). LTX-315 induced a rapid plasma membrane
disruption and cell death within 2 hours. At a low concentration,
fluorescence-labeled LTX-315 was internalized and accumulated in cytoplasmic
vacuoles in close proximity to the mitochondria. The mitochondrial membrane
potential was shown to depolarize as a consequence of LTX-315 treatment and at
ultrastructural level, the mitochondria morphology was significantly altered.
Release of danger signals (DAMPs) such as ATP, Cytochrome C and HMGB1 into the
cell supernatant of cultured cells was evident minutes after peptide treatment.
The oncolytic effect of LTX-315 involving perturbation of both the cell membrane
and the mitochondria with subsequent release of DAMPs may highlight the ability
of LTX-315 to induce complete regression and long-term protective immune
responses as previously reported in experimental animal models.