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Nanoemulsion Therapy for Burn Wounds is Effective as a Topical Antimicrobial Against Gram Negative and Gram Positive Bacteria #MMPMID26182074
J Burn Care Res 2016[Mar]; 37 (2): e104-14 PMID26182074show ga
Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial efficacy of two different nanoemulsion formulations against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria in an in vivo rodent scald burn model. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized and received a partial-thickness scald burn. Eight hours following burn injury the wound was inoculated with 1x108 colony forming units of Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus. Treatment groups consisted of two different nanoemulsion formulations (NB-201, NB-402), nanoemulsion vehicle (NE vehicle), or saline. Topical application of the treatment was performed at 16 and 24 hours after burn injury. Animals were euthanized 32 hours after burn injury and skin samples obtained for quantitative wound culture and determination of dermal inflammation markers. In a separate set of experiments, burn wound progression was measured histologically after 72 hours of treatment. Results: Both nanoemulsion formulations (NB-201, NB 402) significantly reduced burn wound infections with either Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus, and decreased median bacterial counts at least 3 logs as compared to animals with saline applications (p<0.0001). NB-201 and NB-402 also decreased dermal neutrophil recruitment and sequestration into the wound as measured by myeloperoxidase assay and histopathology (p<0.05). In addition, there was a reduction in the pro-inflammatory dermal cytokines (IL-1?, IL-6 and TNF-?) and the neutrophil chemoattractants CXCL1 and CXCL2. By histology examination, both NB-201 and NB-402 appeared to suppress burn wound progression 72 hours after injury. Conclusions: Topically applied NB-201 and NB-402 are effective in decreasing Gram positive and negative bacteria growth in burn wounds, reducing inflammation and abrogating burn wound progression.