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A map of sphingosine 1-phosphate distribution in the spleen #MMPMID26502404
Ramos-Perez WD; Fang V; Escalante-Alcalde D; Cammer M; Schwab SR
Nat Immunol 2015[Dec]; 16 (12): 1245-52 PMID26502404show ga
Despite the importance of signaling lipids, many questions remain about their function because we have few tools to chart lipid gradients in vivo. Here we describe a sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) reporter mouse, and use this mouse to define S1P distribution in the spleen. Surprisingly, the presence of blood does not predict the concentration of signaling-available S1P. Large areas of the red pulp are S1P-low, while S1P can be sensed by cells inside the white pulp near the marginal sinus. Lipid phosphate phosphatase 3 maintains low S1P concentrations in the spleen, and enables efficient marginal zone B cell shuttling. The exquisitely tight regulation of S1P availability may explain how a single lipid can simultaneously orchestrate many immune cell movements.