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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 J+Ethnobiol+Ethnomed
2015 ; 11
(ä): 85
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Fischer s Lexicon of Slavic beliefs and customs: a previously unknown
contribution to the ethnobotany of Ukraine and Poland
#MMPMID26704421
Kujawska M
; ?uczaj ?
; Typek J
J Ethnobiol Ethnomed
2015[Dec]; 11
(ä): 85
PMID26704421
show ga
BACKGROUND: Historical ethnobotanical studies are important, even if they are
only descriptive, because they help to throw light on the missing chains needed
for diachronic analysis. However, the documentation of traditional uses of plants
in some countries, e.g. Ukraine, is still fragmentary. The aim of this
contribution is to fill the gap and present a portion of the data set, from
western Ukraine, which was collected by Adam Fischer, a Polish ethnographer from
Lviv, in the 1930s. These data were originally gathered to be published in the
first part of the Lexicon of Slavic beliefs and customs, dedicated to plant uses
in traditional Slavonic culture. The idea of writing the Lexicon arose in 1929
during the I Congress of Slavic Philologists in Prague and was intended to be a
joint international enterprise, but has never actually been fulfilled. METHODS:
In this article we used information from south-eastern Poland at that time -
nowadays western Ukraine, collected in four provinces, 11 counties and 28
localities by Fischer's collaborators. The majority of the information was
accompanied by voucher specimens, which were determined by botanists at the Jan
Kazimierz University. These data are still unpublished and stored on filecards in
the archives of the Polish Ethnological Society in Wroc?aw, Poland. In our
analysis we applied two indices: one to measure general plant versatility - Use
Value, and another regarding medicinal plants - Relative Importance Value.
RESULTS: In total, 179 plant taxa used in peasant culture in the western Ukraine
in the 1930s were registered. The species which achieved the highest Use Values
were: Achillea millefolium, Allium sativum, Vinca minor, Hypericum sp. and
Juniperus communis. Among the collected plant names, Polish names dominate (59%)
over clearly Ukrainian and Ruthenian ones (31%). The remaining 10% of names were
of unclear origin or could have been used by both groups. The most salient use
categories were medicinal, followed by ritual - chiefly plants used in church
ceremonies, followed by animal wellbeing (veterinary and fodder). However we
learn very little about plant management in the peasant culture from the data
set. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of the archival data threw new light on plant use and
management in the Galicja region in the interwar period. It also increased our
understanding of the central role of plants in spheres such as folk medicine,
church ceremonies and animal wellbeing.