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10.3390/biology4040640 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.3390/biology4040640 C4690012!4690012!26426066     free     free     free       Biology+(Basel) 2015 ; 4 (4): 640-63 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26426066|t=2015. T Cells in Fish |pdf=|usr=}}{{26426066}} gab.com Text T Cells in Fish JO: Biology (Basel) http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26426066 #FOAvip Cartilaginous and bony fish are the most primitive vertebrates with a thymus, and possess T cells equivalent to those in mammals. There are a number of studies in fish demonstrating that the thymus is the essential organ for development of T lymphocytes from early thymocyte progenitors to functionally competent T cells. A high number of T cells in the intestine and gills has been reported in several fish species. Involvement of CD4+ and CD8?+ T cells in allograft rejection and graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) has been demonstrated using monoclonal antibodies. Conservation of CD4+ helper T cell functions among teleost fishes has been suggested in a number studies employing mixed leukocyte culture (MLC) and hapten/carrier effect. Alloantigen- and virus-specific cytotoxicity has also been demonstrated in ginbuna and rainbow trout. Furthermore, the important role of cell-mediated immunity rather than humoral immunity has been reported in the protection against intracellular bacterial infection. Recently, the direct antibacterial activity of CD8?+, CD4+ T-cells and sIgM+ cells in fish has been reported. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in T cell research focusing on the tissue distribution and function of fish T cells. Twit Text FOAVip T Cells in Fish ????Biology (Basel) http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26426066 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26426066 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26426066}}</ref> T Cells in Fish #MMPMID26426066 Nakanishi T; Shibasaki Y; Matsuura Y Biology (Basel) 2015[Dec]; 4 (4): 640-63 PMID26426066show ga Cartilaginous and bony fish are the most primitive vertebrates with a thymus, and possess T cells equivalent to those in mammals. There are a number of studies in fish demonstrating that the thymus is the essential organ for development of T lymphocytes from early thymocyte progenitors to functionally competent T cells. A high number of T cells in the intestine and gills has been reported in several fish species. Involvement of CD4+ and CD8?+ T cells in allograft rejection and graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) has been demonstrated using monoclonal antibodies. Conservation of CD4+ helper T cell functions among teleost fishes has been suggested in a number studies employing mixed leukocyte culture (MLC) and hapten/carrier effect. Alloantigen- and virus-specific cytotoxicity has also been demonstrated in ginbuna and rainbow trout. Furthermore, the important role of cell-mediated immunity rather than humoral immunity has been reported in the protection against intracellular bacterial infection. Recently, the direct antibacterial activity of CD8?+, CD4+ T-cells and sIgM+ cells in fish has been reported. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in T cell research focusing on the tissue distribution and function of fish T cells. äT Cells in Fish (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing