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2015 ; 9
(ä): 480
Nephropedia Template TP
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English Wikipedia
Understanding How the Subcommissural Organ and Other Periventricular Secretory
Structures Contribute via the Cerebrospinal Fluid to Neurogenesis
#MMPMID26778959
Guerra MM
; González C
; Caprile T
; Jara M
; Vío K
; Muñoz RI
; Rodríguez S
; Rodríguez EM
Front Cell Neurosci
2015[]; 9
(ä): 480
PMID26778959
show ga
The dynamic and molecular composition of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and,
consequently, the CSF physiology is much more complex and fascinating than the
simplistic view held for decades. Signal molecules either transported from blood
to CSF or secreted into the CSF by circumventricular organs and CSF-contacting
neurons, use the CSF to reach their targets in the brain, including the pre- and
postnatal neurogenic niche. The subcommissural organ (SCO), a highly conserved
brain gland present throughout the vertebrate phylum, is one of the sources for
signals, as well as the choroid plexus, tanycytes and CSF-contacting neurons. The
SCO secretes into the fetal and adult CSF SCO-spondin, transthyretin, and basic
fibroblast growth factor. These proteins participate in certain aspects of
neurogenesis, such as cell cycle of neural stem cells, neuronal differentiation,
and axon pathfinding. Through the CSF, the SCO-secretory proteins may reach
virtually any target in the embryonic and adult central nervous system. Since the
SCO continues to secrete throughout life span, it seems likely that the
neurogenetic property of the SCO compounds would be targeted to the niches where
neurogenesis continues in adulthood. This review is aimed to bring into
discussion early and new evidence concerning the role(s) of the SCO, and the
probable mechanisms by which SCO compounds can readily reach the neurogenic niche
of the subventricular zone flowing with the CSF to participate in the regulation
of the neurogenic niche. As we unfold the multiples trans-fluid talks between
discrete brain domains we will have more tools to influence such talks.