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2015 ; 19
(12
): 2741-50
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In vitro morphology, viability and cytokine secretion of uterine
telocyte-activated mouse peritoneal macrophages
#MMPMID26471943
Chi C
; Jiang XJ
; Su L
; Shen ZJ
; Yang XJ
J Cell Mol Med
2015[Dec]; 19
(12
): 2741-50
PMID26471943
show ga
Telocytes (TCs), a distinct interstitial cell population, have been identified in
the uterus, oviduct and placenta, with multiple proposed potential biological
functions. Their unique structure allows them to form intercellular junctions
with various immunocytes, both in normal and diseased tissues, suggesting a
potential functional relationship with the local immune response. It has been
hypothesized that through direct heterocellular junctions or indirect paracrine
effects, TCs influence the activity of local immunocytes that are involved in the
inflammatory process and in immune-mediated reproductive abnormalities. However,
no reliable cytological evidence for this hypothesis is currently available. In
this study, we cultured primary murine uterine TCs and collected TC conditioned
media (TCM). Mouse peritoneal macrophages (pMACs) were co-cultured for 48 hrs
with TCM or with DMEM/F12 or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as negative and positive
controls, respectively. Normal uterine TCs with a typical structure and a
CD-34-positive/vimentin-positive/c-kit-negative immunophenotype were observed
during culture. Morphologically, TCM-treated pMACs displayed an obvious
activation/immunoresponse, in contrast to over-stimulation and cell death after
LPS treatment and no sign of activation in the presence of DMEM/F12. Accordingly,
a cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) assay indicated significant activation of pMACs by
TCM and LPS compared to DMEM/F12, thus supporting the marked morphological
differences among these groups of cells. Furthermore, within a panel of
macrophage-derived cytokines/enzymes, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and inducible nitric
oxide synthase were significantly elevated in TCM-treated pMACs; tumour necrosis
factor ?, IL1-R1, and IL-10 were slightly, but significantly, up-regulated; and
no changes were observed for transforming growth factor-?1, IL-1?, IL-23? and
IL-18. Our results indicate that TCs are not simply innocent bystanders but are
rather functional players in the activation of pMACs; they trigger and maintain
the immune response, likely through indirect paracrine effects. Thus, we provide
preliminary in vitro evidence of immunoregulatory and immunosurveillance roles
for TCs.
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