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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Evodevo
2015 ; 6
(ä): 39
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An alternative developmental table to describe non-model fish species
embryogenesis: application to the description of the Eurasian perch (Perca
fluviatilis L 1758) development
#MMPMID26688712
Alix M
; Chardard D
; Ledoré Y
; Fontaine P
; Schaerlinger B
Evodevo
2015[]; 6
(ä): 39
PMID26688712
show ga
BACKGROUND: Fish correspond to the most diversified phylum among vertebrates with
a large variety of species. Even if general features are distinguishable during
the embryogenesis, several differences in term of timing, organ implementation or
step progression always occur between species. Moreover, the developmental timing
of wild non-model fish often presents variability within a species. In that
context, it is necessary to define a model of developmental table flexible enough
to describe fish development by integrating this variability and allow intra- and
inter-specific comparisons. The elaboration of a model passes by the definition
of new stages that could be easily observable on individuals. The present study
aims at proposing such a model and describing accurately the Eurasian perch
(Perca fluviatilis) embryogenesis using microscopic techniques among which time
lapse video and histological studies. The Eurasian perch belongs to the Percidae
family that includes 235 species classified in 11 genera. It is a member of the
Perca gender and inhabits the Northern part of Europe and Asia. RESULTS: At
13 °C, P. fluviatilis development elapses for 15 days from the fertilization to
the first oral feeding. The staging division first took into account the cellular
status to define periods, then the acquisition of new abilities by the embryo to
further define stages. It allowed distinguishing two main stages during the cell
cleavage period depending on the synchronization of the cell divisions, two
stages during the gastrulation period depending on the cell speed migration and
five stages during the organogenesis according to the acquisition of key
abilities as proposed in the saltatory theory. During each stage, organs
implementation was carefully followed with a particular attention for the visual
and digestive systems. In addition, our study shows that embryos hatch at various
developmental stages while they all begin to feed at a fixed date, 15 days after
the fertilization whatever the spawn and the hatching date. These data give
arguments to propose the first oral feeding as the best definition of the
embryonic-to-larval transition. CONCLUSIONS: The present model of developmental
table combines flexibility and accuracy allowing detailed description of
non-model fish species and intra- and inter-specific comparisons.