Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 235.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 235.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 235.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 235.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 235.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 235.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 235.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 235.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 269.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 269.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 269.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\26681322
.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 PLoS+Genet
2015 ; 11
(12
): e1005708
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
An Endosperm-Associated Cuticle Is Required for Arabidopsis Seed Viability,
Dormancy and Early Control of Germination
#MMPMID26681322
De Giorgi J
; Piskurewicz U
; Loubery S
; Utz-Pugin A
; Bailly C
; Mène-Saffrané L
; Lopez-Molina L
PLoS Genet
2015[Dec]; 11
(12
): e1005708
PMID26681322
show ga
Cuticular layers and seeds are prominent plant adaptations to terrestrial life
that appeared early and late during plant evolution, respectively. The cuticle is
a waterproof film covering plant aerial organs preventing excessive water loss
and protecting against biotic and abiotic stresses. Cutin, consisting of
crosslinked fatty acid monomers, is the most abundant and studied cuticular
component. Seeds are dry, metabolically inert structures promoting plant
dispersal by keeping the plant embryo in an arrested protected state. In
Arabidopsis thaliana seeds, the embryo is surrounded by a single cell endosperm
layer itself surrounded by a seed coat layer, the testa. Whole genome analyses
lead us to identify cutin biosynthesis genes as regulatory targets of the
phytohormones gibberellins (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways that
control seed germination. Cutin-containing layers are present in seed coats of
numerous species, including Arabidopsis, where they regulate permeability to
outer compounds. However, the role of cutin in mature seed physiology and
germination remains poorly understood. Here we identify in mature seeds a thick
cuticular film covering the entire outer surface of the endosperm. This seed
cuticle is defective in cutin-deficient bodyguard1 seeds, which is associated
with alterations in endospermic permeability. Furthermore, mutants affected in
cutin biosynthesis display low seed dormancy and viability levels, which
correlates with higher levels of seed lipid oxidative stress. Upon seed
imbibition cutin biosynthesis genes are essential to prevent endosperm cellular
expansion and testa rupture in response to low GA synthesis. Taken together, our
findings suggest that in the course of land plant evolution cuticular structures
were co-opted to achieve key physiological seed properties.