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Replication-transcription switch in human mitochondria #MMPMID25635099
Agaronyan K; Morozov YI; Anikin M; Temiakov D
Science 2015[Jan]; 347 (6221): 548-51 PMID25635099show ga
Coordinated replication and expression of mitochondrial genome is critical for metabolically active cells during various stages of development. However, it is not known whether replication and transcription can occur simultaneously without interfering with each other and whether mtDNA copy number can be regulated by the transcription machinery. We found that interaction of human transcription elongation factor, TEFM with mitochondrial RNA polymerase (mtRNAP) and nascent transcript prevents generation of replication primers and increases transcription processivity thereby serving as a molecular switch between replication and transcription, which appear to be mutually exclusive processes in mitochondria. TEFM may allow mitochondria to increase transcription rates and, as consequence, respiration and ATP production without the need to replicate mtDNA, which has been observed during spermatogenesis and early stages of embryogenesis.