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10.1371/journal.pntd.0004276 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004276 C4672904!4672904 !26646143     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 235.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 235.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 235.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 235.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 235.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 269.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 269.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\26646143 .jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       PLoS+Negl+Trop+Dis 2015 ; 9 (12 ): e0004276 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26646143 |t=2015. Asymmetric Nerve Enlargement: A Characteristic of Leprosy Neuropathy Demonstrated by Ultrasonography |pdf=|usr=}}{{26646143 }} gab.com Text Asymmetric Nerve Enlargement: A Characteristic of Leprosy Neuropathy Demonstrated by Ultrasonography JO: PLoS Negl Trop Dis http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26646143 #FOAvip BACKGROUND: Neurological involvement occurs throughout the leprosy clinical spectrum and is responsible for the most feared consequences of the disease. Ultrasonography (US) provides objective measurements of nerve thickening and asymmetry. We examined leprosy patients before beginning multi-drug therapy aiming to describe differences in US measurements between classification groups and between patients with and without reactions. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Eleven paucibacillary (PB) and 85 multibacillary (MB) patients underwent nerve US. Twenty-seven patients had leprosy reactions (type 1, type 2 and/or acute neuritis) prior to US. The ulnar (at the cubital tunnel-Ut-and proximal to the tunnel-Upt), median (M) and common fibular (CF) nerves were scanned to measure cross-sectional areas (CSAs) in mm2 and to calculate the asymmetry indexes ?CSA (absolute difference between right and left CSAs) and ?Utpt (absolute difference between Upt and Ut CSAs). MB patients showed greater (p<0.05) CSAs than PB at Ut (13.88±11.4/9.53±6.14) and M (10.41±5.4/6.36±0.84). ?CSAs and ?Utpt were similar between PB and MB. The CSAs, ?CSAs and ?Utpt were similar between PB patients with reactions compared to PB patients without reactions. MB patients with reactions showed significantly greater CSAs (Upt, Ut and M), ?CSAs (Upt and Ut) and ?Utpt compared to MB patients without reactions. PB and MB showed similar frequencies of abnormal US measurements. Patients with reactions had higher frequency of nerve thickening and similar frequency of asymmetry to those without reactions. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first study to investigate differences in nerve involvement among leprosy classification groups using US before treatment. The magnitude of thickening was greater in MB and in patients with reactions. Asymmetry indexes were greater in patients with reactions and did not significantly differ between PB and MB, demonstrating that asymmetry is a characteristic of leprosy neuropathy regardless of its classification. Twit Text FOAVip Asymmetric Nerve Enlargement: A Characteristic of Leprosy Neuropathy Demonstrated by Ultrasonography ????PLoS Negl Trop Dis http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26646143 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26646143 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26646143 }}</ref> Asymmetric Nerve Enlargement: A Characteristic of Leprosy Neuropathy Demonstrated by Ultrasonography #MMPMID26646143 Lugão HB ; Nogueira-Barbosa MH ; Marques W Jr ; Foss NT ; Frade MA PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015[Dec]; 9 (12 ): e0004276 PMID26646143 show ga BACKGROUND: Neurological involvement occurs throughout the leprosy clinical spectrum and is responsible for the most feared consequences of the disease. Ultrasonography (US) provides objective measurements of nerve thickening and asymmetry. We examined leprosy patients before beginning multi-drug therapy aiming to describe differences in US measurements between classification groups and between patients with and without reactions. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Eleven paucibacillary (PB) and 85 multibacillary (MB) patients underwent nerve US. Twenty-seven patients had leprosy reactions (type 1, type 2 and/or acute neuritis) prior to US. The ulnar (at the cubital tunnel-Ut-and proximal to the tunnel-Upt), median (M) and common fibular (CF) nerves were scanned to measure cross-sectional areas (CSAs) in mm2 and to calculate the asymmetry indexes ?CSA (absolute difference between right and left CSAs) and ?Utpt (absolute difference between Upt and Ut CSAs). MB patients showed greater (p<0.05) CSAs than PB at Ut (13.88±11.4/9.53±6.14) and M (10.41±5.4/6.36±0.84). ?CSAs and ?Utpt were similar between PB and MB. The CSAs, ?CSAs and ?Utpt were similar between PB patients with reactions compared to PB patients without reactions. MB patients with reactions showed significantly greater CSAs (Upt, Ut and M), ?CSAs (Upt and Ut) and ?Utpt compared to MB patients without reactions. PB and MB showed similar frequencies of abnormal US measurements. Patients with reactions had higher frequency of nerve thickening and similar frequency of asymmetry to those without reactions. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first study to investigate differences in nerve involvement among leprosy classification groups using US before treatment. The magnitude of thickening was greater in MB and in patients with reactions. Asymmetry indexes were greater in patients with reactions and did not significantly differ between PB and MB, demonstrating that asymmetry is a characteristic of leprosy neuropathy regardless of its classification. |Adolescent [MESH] |Adult [MESH] |Aged [MESH] |Aged, 80 and over [MESH] |Humans [MESH] |Leprosy, Tuberculoid/*pathology [MESH] |Male [MESH] |Median Nerve/diagnostic imaging/*pathology [MESH] |Middle Aged [MESH] |Peroneal Nerve/diagnostic imaging/*pathology [MESH] |Ulnar Nerve/diagnostic imaging/*pathology [MESH] |Ultrasonography [MESH]Asymmetric Nerve Enlargement: A Characteristic of Leprosy Neuropathy D(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing