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2015 ; 6
(ä): 227
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Acellular approaches for regenerative medicine: on the verge of clinical trials
with extracellular membrane vesicles?
#MMPMID26631254
Fuster-Matanzo A
; Gessler F
; Leonardi T
; Iraci N
; Pluchino S
Stem Cell Res Ther
2015[Dec]; 6
(ä): 227
PMID26631254
show ga
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous population of naturally
occurring secreted small vesicles, with distinct biophysical properties and
different functions both in physiology and under pathological conditions. In
recent years, a number of studies have demonstrated that EVs might hold
remarkable potential in regenerative medicine by acting as therapeutically
promising nanodrugs. Understanding their final impact on the biology of specific
target cells as well as clarification of their overall therapeutic impact remains
a matter of intense debate. Here we review the key principles of EVs in
physiological and pathological conditions with a specific highlight on the most
recently described mechanisms regulating some of the EV-mediated effects. First,
we describe the current debates and the upcoming research on EVs as potential
novel therapeutics in regenerative medicine, either as unmodified agents or as
functionalized small carriers for targeted drug delivery. Moreover, we address a
number of safety aspects and regulatory limitations related to the novel nature
of EV-mediated therapeutic applications. Despite the emerging possibilities of EV
treatments, these issues need to be overcome in order to allow their safe and
successful application in future explorative clinical studies.