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2015 ; 5
(ä): 17551
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Transcriptomes reveal the genetic mechanisms underlying ionic regulatory
adaptations to salt in the crab-eating frog
#MMPMID26619819
Shao Y
; Wang LJ
; Zhong L
; Hong ML
; Chen HM
; Murphy RW
; Wu DD
; Zhang YP
; Che J
Sci Rep
2015[Dec]; 5
(ä): 17551
PMID26619819
show ga
The crab-eating frog, Fejervarya cancrivora, is the only frog that lives near
seas. It tolerates increased environmental concentrations of sodium, chloride and
potassium partly by raising ion and urea levels in its blood plasma. The
molecular mechanism of the adaptation remains rarely documented. Herein, we
analyze transcriptomes of the crab-eating frog and its closely related
saline-intolerant species, F. limnocharis, to explore the molecular basis of
adaptations to such extreme environmental conditions. Analyses reveal the
potential genetic mechanism underlying the adaptation to salinity for the
crab-eating frog. Genes in categories associated with ion transport appear to
have evolved rapidly in F. cancrivora. Both positively selected and
differentially expressed genes exhibit enrichment in the GO category regulation
of renal sodium excretion. In this category, the positively selected sites of
ANPEP and AVPR2 encode CD13 and V2 receptors, respectively; they fall precisely
on conserved domains. More differentially expressed rapidly evolved genes occur
in the kidney of F. cancrivora than in F. limnocharis. Four genes involved in the
regulation of body fluid levels show signs of positive selection and increased
expression. Significant up-regulation occurs in several genes of F. cancrivora
associated with renin-angiotensin system and aldosterone-regulated sodium
reabsorption pathways, which relate to osmotic regulation.