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2015 ; 46
(6
): 1563-76
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gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Management of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: WHO guidelines for low
tuberculosis burden countries
#MMPMID26405286
Getahun H
; Matteelli A
; Abubakar I
; Aziz MA
; Baddeley A
; Barreira D
; Den Boon S
; Borroto Gutierrez SM
; Bruchfeld J
; Burhan E
; Cavalcante S
; Cedillos R
; Chaisson R
; Chee CB
; Chesire L
; Corbett E
; Dara M
; Denholm J
; de Vries G
; Falzon D
; Ford N
; Gale-Rowe M
; Gilpin C
; Girardi E
; Go UY
; Govindasamy D
; D Grant A
; Grzemska M
; Harris R
; Horsburgh CR Jr
; Ismayilov A
; Jaramillo E
; Kik S
; Kranzer K
; Lienhardt C
; LoBue P
; Lönnroth K
; Marks G
; Menzies D
; Migliori GB
; Mosca D
; Mukadi YD
; Mwinga A
; Nelson L
; Nishikiori N
; Oordt-Speets A
; Rangaka MX
; Reis A
; Rotz L
; Sandgren A
; Sañé Schepisi M
; Schünemann HJ
; Sharma SK
; Sotgiu G
; Stagg HR
; Sterling TR
; Tayeb T
; Uplekar M
; van der Werf MJ
; Vandevelde W
; van Kessel F
; van't Hoog A
; Varma JK
; Vezhnina N
; Voniatis C
; Vonk Noordegraaf-Schouten M
; Weil D
; Weyer K
; Wilkinson RJ
; Yoshiyama T
; Zellweger JP
; Raviglione M
Eur Respir J
2015[Dec]; 46
(6
): 1563-76
PMID26405286
show ga
Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is characterised by the presence of immune
responses to previously acquired Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection without
clinical evidence of active tuberculosis (TB). Here we report evidence-based
guidelines from the World Health Organization for a public health approach to the
management of LTBI in high risk individuals in countries with high or middle
upper income and TB incidence of <100 per 100?000 per year. The guidelines
strongly recommend systematic testing and treatment of LTBI in people living with
HIV, adult and child contacts of pulmonary TB cases, patients initiating
anti-tumour necrosis factor treatment, patients receiving dialysis, patients
preparing for organ or haematological transplantation, and patients with
silicosis. In prisoners, healthcare workers, immigrants from high TB burden
countries, homeless persons and illicit drug users, systematic testing and
treatment of LTBI is conditionally recommended, according to TB epidemiology and
resource availability. Either commercial interferon-gamma release assays or
Mantoux tuberculin skin testing could be used to test for LTBI. Chest radiography
should be performed before LTBI treatment to rule out active TB disease.
Recommended treatment regimens for LTBI include: 6 or 9?month isoniazid; 12?week
rifapentine plus isoniazid; 3-4?month isoniazid plus rifampicin; or 3-4?month
rifampicin alone.