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2015 ; 290
(48
): 28977-87
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Complement Factor H Binds to Human Serum Apolipoprotein E and Mediates Complement
Regulation on High Density Lipoprotein Particles
#MMPMID26468283
Haapasalo K
; van Kessel K
; Nissilä E
; Metso J
; Johansson T
; Miettinen S
; Varjosalo M
; Kirveskari J
; Kuusela P
; Chroni A
; Jauhiainen M
; van Strijp J
; Jokiranta TS
J Biol Chem
2015[Nov]; 290
(48
): 28977-87
PMID26468283
show ga
The alternative pathway of complement is an important part of the innate immunity
response against foreign particles invading the human body. To avoid damage to
host cells, it needs to be efficiently down-regulated by plasma factor H (FH) as
exemplified by various diseases caused by mutations in its domains 19-20
(FH19-20) and 5-7 (FH5-7). These regions are also the main interaction sites for
microbial pathogens that bind host FH to evade complement attack. We previously
showed that inhibition of FH binding by a recombinant FH5-7 construct impairs
survival of FH binding pathogens in human blood. In this study we found that upon
exposure to full blood, the addition of FH5-7 reduces survival of, surprisingly,
also those microbes that are not able to bind FH. This effect was mediated by
inhibition of complement regulation and subsequently enhanced neutrophil
phagocytosis by FH5-7. We found that although FH5-7 does not reduce complement
regulation in the actual fluid phase of plasma, it reduces regulation on HDL
particles in plasma. Using affinity chromatography and mass spectrometry we
revealed that FH interacts with serum apolipoprotein E (apoE) via FH5-7 domains.
Furthermore, binding of FH5-7 to HDL was dependent on the concentration of apoE
on the HDL particles. These findings explain why the addition of FH5-7 to plasma
leads to excessive complement activation and phagocytosis of microbes in full
anticoagulated blood. In conclusion, our data show how FH interacts with apoE
molecules via domains 5-7 and regulates alternative pathway activation on plasma
HDL particles.