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2015 ; 3
(ä): 56
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Metagenomic analysis of the microbiota in the highly compartmented hindguts of
six wood- or soil-feeding higher termites
#MMPMID26607965
Rossmassler K
; Dietrich C
; Thompson C
; Mikaelyan A
; Nonoh JO
; Scheffrahn RH
; Sillam-Dussès D
; Brune A
Microbiome
2015[Nov]; 3
(ä): 56
PMID26607965
show ga
BACKGROUND: Termites are important contributors to carbon and nitrogen cycling in
tropical ecosystems. Higher termites digest lignocellulose in various stages of
humification with the help of an entirely prokaryotic microbiota housed in their
compartmented intestinal tract. Previous studies revealed fundamental differences
in community structure between compartments, but the functional roles of
individual lineages in symbiotic digestion are mostly unknown. RESULTS: Here, we
conducted a highly resolved analysis of the gut microbiota in six species of
higher termites that feed on plant material at different levels of humification.
Combining amplicon sequencing and metagenomics, we assessed similarities in
community structure and functional potential between the major hindgut
compartments (P1, P3, and P4). Cluster analysis of the relative abundances of
orthologous gene clusters (COGs) revealed high similarities among wood- and
litter-feeding termites and strong differences to humivorous species. However,
abundance estimates of bacterial phyla based on 16S rRNA genes greatly differed
from those based on protein-coding genes. CONCLUSION: Community structure and
functional potential of the microbiota in individual gut compartments are clearly
driven by the digestive strategy of the host. The metagenomics libraries obtained
in this study provide the basis for future studies that elucidate the fundamental
differences in the symbiont-mediated breakdown of lignocellulose and humus by
termites of different feeding groups. The high proportion of uncultured bacterial
lineages in all samples calls for a reference-independent approach for the
correct taxonomic assignment of protein-coding genes.
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