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10.1371/journal.pone.0142132 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1371/journal.pone.0142132 C4658034!4658034!26600468     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       PLoS+One 2015 ; 10 (11): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26600468|t=2015. From P-Values to Objective Probabilities in Assessing Medical Treatments |pdf=|usr=}}{{26600468}} gab.com Text From P-Values to Objective Probabilities in Assessing Medical Treatments JO: PLoS One http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26600468 #FOAvip The assessment of the effectiveness of a treatment in a clinical trial, depends on calculating p-values. However, p-values are only indirect and partial indicators of a genuine effect. Particularly in situations where publication bias is very likely, assessment using a p-value of 0.05 may not be sufficiently cautious. In other situations it seems reasonable to believe that assessment based on p-values may be unduly conservative. Assessments could be improved by using prior information. This implies using a Bayesian approach to take account of prior probability. However, the use of prior information in the form of expert opinion can allow bias. A method is given here that applies to assessments already included or likely to be included in the Cochrane Collaboration, excluding those reviews concerning new drugs. This method uses prior information and a Bayesian approach, but the prior information comes not from expert opinion but simply from the distribution of effectiveness apparent in a random sample of summary statistics in the Cochrane Collaboration. The method takes certain types of summary statistics and their confidence intervals and with the help of a graph, translates this into probabilities that the treatments being trialled are effective. Twit Text FOAVip From P-Values to Objective Probabilities in Assessing Medical Treatments ????PLoS One http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26600468 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26600468 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26600468}}</ref> From P-Values to Objective Probabilities in Assessing Medical Treatments #MMPMID26600468 Kault D; Kault S PLoS One 2015[]; 10 (11): ä PMID26600468show ga The assessment of the effectiveness of a treatment in a clinical trial, depends on calculating p-values. However, p-values are only indirect and partial indicators of a genuine effect. Particularly in situations where publication bias is very likely, assessment using a p-value of 0.05 may not be sufficiently cautious. In other situations it seems reasonable to believe that assessment based on p-values may be unduly conservative. Assessments could be improved by using prior information. This implies using a Bayesian approach to take account of prior probability. However, the use of prior information in the form of expert opinion can allow bias. A method is given here that applies to assessments already included or likely to be included in the Cochrane Collaboration, excluding those reviews concerning new drugs. This method uses prior information and a Bayesian approach, but the prior information comes not from expert opinion but simply from the distribution of effectiveness apparent in a random sample of summary statistics in the Cochrane Collaboration. The method takes certain types of summary statistics and their confidence intervals and with the help of a graph, translates this into probabilities that the treatments being trialled are effective. äFrom P-Values to Objective Probabilities in Assessing Medical Treatmen(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing