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2015 ; 6
(4
): 272-80
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Discovery and characterization of the first non-coding RNA that regulates gene
expression, micF RNA: A historical perspective
#MMPMID26629310
Delihas N
World J Biol Chem
2015[Nov]; 6
(4
): 272-80
PMID26629310
show ga
The first evidence that RNA can function as a regulator of gene expression came
from experiments with prokaryotes in the 1980s. It was shown that Escherichia
coli micF is an independent gene, has its own promoter, and encodes a small
non-coding RNA that base pairs with and inhibits translation of a target
messenger RNA in response to environmental stress conditions. The micF RNA was
isolated, sequenced and shown to be a primary transcript. In vitro experiments
showed binding to the target ompF mRNA. Secondary structure probing revealed an
imperfect micF RNA/ompF RNA duplex interaction and the presence of a
non-canonical base pair. Several transcription factors, including OmpR, regulate
micF transcription in response to environmental factors. micF has also been found
in other bacterial species, however, recently Gerhart Wagner and Jörg Vogel
showed pleiotropic effects and found micF inhibits expression of multiple target
mRNAs; importantly, one is the global regulatory gene lrp. In addition, micF RNA
was found to interact with its targets in different ways; it either inhibits
ribosome binding or induces degradation of the message. Thus the concept and
initial experimental evidence that RNA can regulate gene expression was born with
prokaryotes.