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2015 ; 37
(9
): 951-8
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gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
The evolution of sex: A new hypothesis based on mitochondrial mutational erosion:
Mitochondrial mutational erosion in ancestral eukaryotes would favor the
evolution of sex, harnessing nuclear recombination to optimize compensatory
nuclear coadaptation
#MMPMID26201475
Havird JC
; Hall MD
; Dowling DK
Bioessays
2015[Sep]; 37
(9
): 951-8
PMID26201475
show ga
The evolution of sex in eukaryotes represents a paradox, given the "twofold"
fitness cost it incurs. We hypothesize that the mutational dynamics of the
mitochondrial genome would have favored the evolution of sexual reproduction.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) exhibits a high-mutation rate across most eukaryote
taxa, and several lines of evidence suggest that this high rate is an ancestral
character. This seems inexplicable given that mtDNA-encoded genes underlie the
expression of life's most salient functions, including energy conversion. We
propose that negative metabolic effects linked to mitochondrial mutation
accumulation would have invoked selection for sexual recombination between
divergent host nuclear genomes in early eukaryote lineages. This would provide a
mechanism by which recombinant host genotypes could be rapidly shuffled and
screened for the presence of compensatory modifiers that offset mtDNA-induced
harm. Under this hypothesis, recombination provides the genetic variation
necessary for compensatory nuclear coadaptation to keep pace with mitochondrial
mutation accumulation.