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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 DNA+Repair+(Amst) 2015 ; 35 (ä): 71-84 Nephropedia Template TP
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Atomic Force Microscopy Captures the Initiation of Methyl-Directed DNA Mismatch Repair #MMPMID26466357
Josephs EA; Zheng T; Marszalek PE
DNA Repair (Amst) 2015[Nov]; 35 (ä): 71-84 PMID26466357show ga
In E. coli, errors in newly-replicated DNA, such as the incorporation of a mis-paired base or an accidental insertion or deletion of nucleotides, are corrected by a methyl-directed mismatch repair (MMR) pathway. While the enzymology of MMR has long been established, many fundamental aspects of its mechanisms remain elusive, such as the structures, compositions, and orientations of complexes of MutS, MutL, and MutHas they initiate repair. Using atomic force microscopy, we?for the first time?record the structures and locations of individual complexes of MutS, MutL and MutH bound to DNA molecules during the initial stages of mismatch repair. This technique reveals a number of striking and unexpected structures, such as the growth and disassembly of large multimeric complexes at mismatched sites, complexes of MutS and MutL anchoring latent MutH onto hemi-methylated d(GATC) sites or bound themselves at nicks in the DNA, and complexes directly bridging mismatched and hemimethylated d(GATC) sites by looping the DNA. The observations from these single-molecule studies provide new opportunities to resolve some of the long-standing controversies in the field and underscore the dynamic heterogeneity and versatility of MutSLH complexes in the repair process.