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2015 ; 75
(22
): 4718-27
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Early Prediction of Cancer Progression by Depth-Resolved Nanoscale Mapping of
Nuclear Architecture from Unstained Tissue Specimens
#MMPMID26383164
Uttam S
; Pham HV
; LaFace J
; Leibowitz B
; Yu J
; Brand RE
; Hartman DJ
; Liu Y
Cancer Res
2015[Nov]; 75
(22
): 4718-27
PMID26383164
show ga
Early cancer detection currently relies on screening the entire at-risk
population, as with colonoscopy and mammography. Therefore, frequent, invasive
surveillance of patients at risk for developing cancer carries financial,
physical, and emotional burdens because clinicians lack tools to accurately
predict which patients will actually progress into malignancy. Here, we present a
new method to predict cancer progression risk via nanoscale nuclear architecture
mapping (nanoNAM) of unstained tissue sections based on the intrinsic density
alteration of nuclear structure rather than the amount of stain uptake. We
demonstrate that nanoNAM detects a gradual increase in the density alteration of
nuclear architecture during malignant transformation in animal models of colon
carcinogenesis and in human patients with ulcerative colitis, even in tissue that
appears histologically normal according to pathologists. We evaluated the ability
of nanoNAM to predict "future" cancer progression in patients with ulcerative
colitis who did and did not develop colon cancer up to 13 years after their
initial colonoscopy. NanoNAM of the initial biopsies correctly classified 12 of
15 patients who eventually developed colon cancer and 15 of 18 who did not, with
an overall accuracy of 85%. Taken together, our findings demonstrate great
potential for nanoNAM in predicting cancer progression risk and suggest that
further validation in a multicenter study with larger cohorts may eventually
advance this method to become a routine clinical test.