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2015 ; 593
(22
): 4995-5008
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Sleep spindles and human cortical nociception: a surface and intracerebral
electrophysiological study
#MMPMID26377229
Claude L
; Chouchou F
; Prados G
; Castro M
; De Blay B
; Perchet C
; García-Larrea L
; Mazza S
; Bastuji H
J Physiol
2015[Nov]; 593
(22
): 4995-5008
PMID26377229
show ga
KEY POINTS: Sleep spindle are usually considered to play a major role in
inhibiting sensory inputs. Using nociceptive stimuli in humans, we tested the
effect of spindles on behavioural, autonomic and cortical responses in two
experiments using surface and intracerebral electroencephalographic recordings.
We found that sleep spindles do not prevent arousal reactions to nociceptive
stimuli and that autonomic reactivity to nociceptive inputs is not modulated by
spindle activity. Moreover, neither the surface sensory, nor the insular evoked
responses were modulated by the spindle, as detected at the surface or within the
thalamus. The present study comprises the first investigation of the effect of
spindles on nociceptive information processing and the results obtained challenge
the classical inhibitory effect of spindles. ABSTRACT: Responsiveness to
environmental stimuli declines during sleep, and sleep spindles are often
considered to play a major role in inhibiting sensory inputs. In the present
study, we tested the effect of spindles on behavioural, autonomic and cortical
responses to pain, in two experiments assessing surface and intracerebral
responses to thermo-nociceptive laser stimuli during the all-night N2 sleep
stage. The percentage of arousals remained unchanged as a result of the presence
of spindles. Neither cortical nociceptive responses, nor autonomic cardiovascular
reactivity were depressed when elicited within a spindle. These results could be
replicated in human intracerebral recordings, where sleep spindle activity in the
posterior thalamus failed to depress the thalamocortical nociceptive
transmission, as measured by sensory responses within the posterior insula.
Hence, the assumed inhibitory effect of spindles on sensory inputs may not apply
to the nociceptive system, possibly as a result of the specificity of
spinothalamic pathways and the crucial role of nociceptive information for
homeostasis. Intriguingly, a late scalp response commonly considered to reflect
high-order stimulus processing (the 'P3' potential) was significantly enhanced
during spindling, suggesting a possible spindle-driven facilitation, rather than
attenuation, of cortical nociception.