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Unlocking the potential of supported liquid phase catalysts with supercritical
fluids: low temperature continuous flow catalysis with integrated product
separation
#MMPMID26574523
Franciņ G
; Hintermair U
; Leitner W
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci
2015[Dec]; 373
(2057
): ? PMID26574523
show ga
Solution-phase catalysis using molecular transition metal complexes is an
extremely powerful tool for chemical synthesis and a key technology for
sustainable manufacturing. However, as the reaction complexity and thermal
sensitivity of the catalytic system increase, engineering challenges associated
with product separation and catalyst recovery can override the value of the
product. This persistent downstream issue often renders industrial exploitation
of homogeneous catalysis uneconomical despite impressive batch performance of the
catalyst. In this regard, continuous-flow systems that allow steady-state
homogeneous turnover in a stationary liquid phase while at the same time
effecting integrated product separation at mild process temperatures represent a
particularly attractive scenario. While continuous-flow processing is a standard
procedure for large volume manufacturing, capitalizing on its potential in the
realm of the molecular complexity of organic synthesis is still an emerging area
that requires innovative solutions. Here we highlight some recent developments
which have succeeded in realizing such systems by the combination of near- and
supercritical fluids with homogeneous catalysts in supported liquid phases. The
cases discussed exemplify how all three levels of continuous-flow homogeneous
catalysis (catalyst system, separation strategy, process scheme) must be matched
to locate viable process conditions.
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