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2015 ; 1
(7
): e1500470
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
High-precision geochronology confirms voluminous magmatism before, during, and
after Earth s most severe extinction
#MMPMID26601239
Burgess SD
; Bowring SA
Sci Adv
2015[Aug]; 1
(7
): e1500470
PMID26601239
show ga
The end-Permian mass extinction was the most severe in the Phanerozoic,
extinguishing more than 90% of marine and 75% of terrestrial species in a maximum
of 61 ± 48 ky. Because of broad temporal coincidence between the biotic crisis
and one of the most voluminous continental volcanic eruptions since the origin of
animals, the Siberian Traps large igneous province (LIP), a causal connection has
long been suggested. Magmatism is hypothesized to have caused rapid injection of
massive amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, driving climate change
and subsequent destabilization of the biosphere. Establishing a causal connection
between magmatism and mass extinction is critically dependent on accurately and
precisely knowing the relative timing of the two events and the flux of magma.
New U/Pb dates on Siberian Traps LIP lava flows, sills, and explosively erupted
rocks indicate that (i) about two-thirds of the total lava/pyroclastic volume was
erupted over ~300 ky, before and concurrent with the end-Permian mass extinction;
(ii) eruption of the balance of lavas continued for at least 500 ky after
extinction cessation; and (iii) massive emplacement of sills into the shallow
crust began concomitant with the mass extinction and continued for at least 500
ky into the early Triassic. This age model is consistent with Siberian Traps LIP
magmatism as a trigger for the end-Permian mass extinction and suggests a role
for magmatism in suppression of post-extinction biotic recovery.