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2015 ; 16
(ä): 381
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A large scale prediction of bacteriocin gene blocks suggests a wide functional
spectrum for bacteriocins
#MMPMID26558535
Morton JT
; Freed SD
; Lee SW
; Friedberg I
BMC Bioinformatics
2015[Nov]; 16
(ä): 381
PMID26558535
show ga
BACKGROUND: Bacteriocins are peptide-derived molecules produced by bacteria,
whose recently-discovered functions include virulence factors and signaling
molecules as well as their better known roles as antibiotics. To date, close to
five hundred bacteriocins have been identified and classified. Recent discoveries
have shown that bacteriocins are highly diverse and widely distributed among
bacterial species. Given the heterogeneity of bacteriocin compounds, many tools
struggle with identifying novel bacteriocins due to their vast sequence and
structural diversity. Many bacteriocins undergo post-translational processing or
modifications necessary for the biosynthesis of the final mature form. Enzymatic
modification of bacteriocins as well as their export is achieved by proteins
whose genes are often located in a discrete gene cluster proximal to the
bacteriocin precursor gene, referred to as context genes in this study. Although
bacteriocins themselves are structurally diverse, context genes have been shown
to be largely conserved across unrelated species. METHODS: Using this knowledge,
we set out to identify new candidates for context genes which may clarify how
bacteriocins are synthesized, and identify new candidates for bacteriocins that
bear no sequence similarity to known toxins. To achieve these goals, we have
developed a software tool, Bacteriocin Operon and gene block Associator (BOA)
that can identify homologous bacteriocin associated gene blocks and predict novel
ones. BOA generates profile Hidden Markov Models from the clusters of bacteriocin
context genes, and uses them to identify novel bacteriocin gene blocks and
operons. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We provide a novel dataset of predicted
bacteriocins and context genes. We also discover that several phyla have a strong
preference for bacteriocin genes, suggesting distinct functions for this group of
molecules. SOFTWARE AVAILABILITY: https://github.com/idoerg/BOA.