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2015 ; 8
(ä): 29737
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Patterns and trends of contraceptive use among sexually active adolescents in
Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, and Nigeria: evidence from cross-sectional studies
#MMPMID26562143
Hounton S
; Barros AJ
; Amouzou A
; Shiferaw S
; Maïga A
; Akinyemi A
; Friedman H
; Koroma D
Glob Health Action
2015[]; 8
(ä): 29737
PMID26562143
show ga
BACKGROUND: The benefits of universal access to voluntary contraception have been
widely documented in terms of maternal and newborn survival, women's empowerment,
and human capital. Given population dynamics, the choices and opportunities
adolescents have in terms of access to sexual and reproductive health information
and services could significantly affect the burden of diseases and nations' human
capital. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this paper are to assess the patterns and
trends of modern contraception use among sexually active adolescents by
socio-economic characteristics and by birth spacing and parity; to explore
predictors of use of modern contraception in relation to the health system; and
to discuss implications of the findings for family planning policy and
programmes. DESIGN: Data are from the last three Demographic and Health Surveys
of Ethiopia, Burkina Faso, and Nigeria. The descriptive analysis focused on
sexually active adolescents (15- to 19-year age group), used modern contraception
as the dependent variable, and a series of contact points with the health system
(antenatal care, institutional delivery, postnatal care, immunisation) as
covariates. The multivariate analysis used the same covariates, adjusting for
socio-economic variables. RESULTS: There are two different groups of sexually
active adolescents: those married or in a union with very low use of modern
contraception and lower socio-economic status, and those unmarried, among whom
nearly 50% are using modern contraception. Younger adolescents have lower modern
contraceptive prevalence. There are significant inequality issues in modern
contraception use by education, residence, and wealth quintile. However, while
there was no significant progress in Burkina Faso and Nigeria, the data in
Ethiopia point to a significant and systematic reduction of inequalities. The
narrowing of the equity gap was most notable for childbearing adolescents with no
education or living in rural areas. In the three countries, after adjusting for
socio-economic variables, the strongest factors affecting modern contraception
use among childbearing adolescents were marriage and child immunisation.
CONCLUSIONS: Addressing child marriage and adopting effective policies and
strategies to reach married adolescents are critical for improving empowerment
and human capital of adolescent girls. The reduction of the equity gap in
coverage in Ethiopia warrants further studies and documentation. The results
suggest a missed opportunity for maternal and newborn and family planning
integration.
|*Adolescent Behavior
[MESH]
|Adolescent
[MESH]
|Birth Intervals
[MESH]
|Burkina Faso
[MESH]
|Contraception Behavior/*trends
[MESH]
|Contraception/*statistics & numerical data
[MESH]