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2015 ; 2015
(ä): 713058
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Simulation of Ectopic Pacemakers in the Heart: Multiple Ectopic Beats Generated
by Reentry inside Fibrotic Regions
#MMPMID26583127
Gouvêa de Barros B
; Weber dos Santos R
; Lobosco M
; Alonso S
Biomed Res Int
2015[]; 2015
(ä): 713058
PMID26583127
show ga
The inclusion of nonconducting media, mimicking cardiac fibrosis, in two models
of cardiac tissue produces the formation of ectopic beats. The fraction of
nonconducting media in comparison with the fraction of healthy myocytes and the
topological distribution of cells determines the probability of ectopic beat
generation. First, a detailed subcellular microscopic model that accounts for the
microstructure of the cardiac tissue is constructed and employed for the
numerical simulation of action potential propagation. Next, an equivalent
discrete model is implemented, which permits a faster integration of the
equations. This discrete model is a simplified version of the microscopic model
that maintains the distribution of connections between cells. Both models produce
similar results when describing action potential propagation in homogeneous
tissue; however, they slightly differ in the generation of ectopic beats in
heterogeneous tissue. Nevertheless, both models present the generation of reentry
inside fibrotic tissues. This kind of reentry restricted to microfibrosis regions
can result in the formation of ectopic pacemakers, that is, regions that will
generate a series of ectopic stimulus at a fast pacing rate. In turn, such
activity has been related to trigger fibrillation in the atria and in the
ventricles in clinical and animal studies.