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2014 ; 9
(5
): 483-497
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
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English Wikipedia
Understanding restriction factors and intrinsic immunity: insights and lessons
from the primate lentiviruses
#MMPMID26543491
Kirmaier A
; Krupp A
; Johnson WE
Future Virol
2014[]; 9
(5
): 483-497
PMID26543491
show ga
Primate lentiviruses include the HIVs, HIV-1 and HIV-2; the SIVs, which are
endemic to more than 40 species of nonhuman primates in Africa; and SIVmac, an
AIDS-causing pathogen that emerged in US macaque colonies in the 1970s. Because
of the worldwide spread of HIV and AIDS, primate lentiviruses have been
intensively investigated for more than 30 years. Research on these viruses has
played a leading role in the discovery and characterization of intrinsic
immunity, and in particular the identification of several antiviral effectors
(also known as restriction factors) including APOBEC3G, TRIM5?, BST-2/tetherin
and SAMHD1. Comparative studies of the primate lentiviruses and their hosts have
proven critical for understanding both the evolutionary significance and
biological relevance of intrinsic immunity, and the role intrinsic immunity plays
in governing viral host range and interspecies transmission of viruses in nature.