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2015 ; 21
(11
): 868-76
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Intra-Aortic Balloon Counterpulsation in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure and
Cardiogenic Shock: Clinical Response and Predictors of Stabilization
#MMPMID26164215
Sintek MA
; Gdowski M
; Lindman BR
; Nassif M
; Lavine KJ
; Novak E
; Bach RG
; Silvestry SC
; Mann DL
; Joseph SM
J Card Fail
2015[Nov]; 21
(11
): 868-76
PMID26164215
show ga
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work was to characterize the clinical response and
identify predictors of clinical stabilization after intra-aortic balloon
counterpulsation (IABP) support in patients with chronic systolic heart failure
in cardiogenic shock before implantation of a left ventricular assist device
(LVAD). BACKGROUND: Limited data exist regarding the clinical response to IABP in
patients with chronic heart failure in cardiogenic shock. METHODS: We identified
54 patients supported with IABP before LVAD implantation. Criteria for clinical
decompensation after IABP insertion and before LVAD included the need for more
advanced temporary support, initiation of mechanical ventilation or dialysis,
increase in vasopressors/inotropes, refractory ventricular arrhythmias, or
worsening acidosis. The absence of these indicated stabilization. RESULTS:
Clinical decompensation after IABP occurred in 23 patients (43%). Both patients
who decompensated and those who stabilized had similar hemodynamic improvements
after IABP support, but patients who decompensated required more
vasopressors/inotropes. Clinical decompensation after IABP was associated with
worse outcomes after LVAD implantation, including a 3-fold longer intensive care
unit stay and 5-fold longer time on mechanical ventilation (P < .01 for both).
Although baseline characteristics were similar between groups, right and left
ventricular cardiac power indexes (cardiac power index = cardiac index × mean
arterial pressure/451) identified patients who were likely to stabilize (area
under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.82). CONCLUSIONS: Among
patients with chronic systolic heart failure who develop cardiogenic shock, more
than one-half of patients stabilized with IABP support as a bridge to LVAD.
Baseline measures of right and left ventricular cardiac power, reflecting work
performed for a given flow and pressure, may allow clinicians to identify
patients with sufficient contractile reserve who will be likely to stabilize with
an IABP versus those who may need more aggressive ventricular support.