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2015 ; 73
(8
): ftv075
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Bordetella adenylate cyclase toxin: a unique combination of a pore-forming moiety
with a cell-invading adenylate cyclase enzyme
#MMPMID26391732
Masin J
; Osicka R
; Bumba L
; Sebo P
Pathog Dis
2015[Nov]; 73
(8
): ftv075
PMID26391732
show ga
The adenylate cyclase toxin-hemolysin (CyaA, ACT or AC-Hly) is a key virulence
factor of the whooping cough agent Bordetella pertussis. CyaA targets myeloid
phagocytes expressing the complement receptor 3 (CR3, known as ?M?2 integrin
CD11b/CD18 or Mac-1) and translocates by a poorly understood mechanism directly
across the cytoplasmic membrane into cell cytosol of phagocytes an adenylyl
cyclase(AC) enzyme. This binds intracellular calmodulin and catalyzes unregulated
conversion of cytosolic ATP into cAMP. Among other effects, this yields
activation of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1, BimEL accumulation and phagocyte
apoptosis induction. In parallel, CyaA acts as a cytolysin that forms
cation-selective pores in target membranes. Direct penetration of CyaA into the
cytosol of professional antigen-presenting cells allows the use of an
enzymatically inactive CyaA toxoid as a tool for delivery of passenger antigens
into the cytosolic pathway of processing and MHC class I-restricted presentation,
which can be exploited for induction of antigen-specific CD8(+) cytotoxic
T-lymphocyte immune responses.